Loom for weaving oriental knotted fabrics



July 4, 1933. T-. P. WALSH LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet l July 4, 1933.

T. P. WALSH 1,916,290

LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet 2 b Mwa mug July 4, 1933.

T. P. WALSH LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 4, 1933. T. P. WALSH LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 4, 1933. WALSH 1,916,290

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16 Sheets-Sheet 6' l I I l I l I T. P. WALSH July 4, 1933.

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LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1931 16 Sheets-Sheet ll T. P. WALSH July 4, 1933.

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LOOM FOR WEAVING ORIENTAL KNOTTED FABRICS Filed May 18, 1951 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 Patented July 4 N33 "1W1 i ag -i 3 D s in as DIAS$ACHUS 1 relaxes r Fries ETIJS, ASSIGNOR TO THE B. E. R. W. DEVELOIP- FATE . 1 A CORPORATION OF NEV] YORK 1180M FOR VTEAVING- GREEN'IAL KNOTTED FABRIG$ a ucaue fiiea May 18,

My invention relates to looms for weaving oriental knotted fabrics.

One object of my invention is to provide devices, operated to coordinate with the usual shedding mechanism, common to most cloth pile fabric, the warp and weft threads weaving looms, to produce oriental knotted fabrics, such as rugs and the like.

A second object is to provide a loom for producing oriental knotted fabrics, having a capacity for a variety of colored .yarns which may be selectivel supplied to produce a knotted fabric of predetermined pattern.

A. further object of my invention is to provide means for the purpose and of the character above. stated, which may form an attachment to looms, such as are in common use, coordinating in operationand cooperating with the usual loom m chanism to produce the knotted fabri In my present ll'lVGDtlOll, I have de iscd means which. will accomplish the above ob jects, producing a close woven fabric in which individual color yarns are knotted about eontiguous warp threads to produce a knotted being concealed, and the woven pattern showing on both faces.

My invention consists in the combination of elements in the form of cooperating devices, coordinated in action with the usual loom mechanism and with one another, to attain the objects above specified.

One of the important features of my invention consists in the knotting device which I employ, in which yarns, selectively presented by suitable pattern mechanism, or by AX- minster spools, are respectively engaged by suitable carrier elements, severed to provide sufficient yarn for a knot, transferred to knotting position relative to the warp threads, and the knot completed and drawn taut against the fell and about the respective warps. s

Another feature consists in improvements in connection with. the selective means.

In this connection I have shown a preferred form of pattern device forming a part of my invention a modification in which other pattern mechanism is shown, and a fragment in which is diagrammatically shown an lumin- 1931. Serial no. 538,166.

ster spool as adaptedfor use with my weaving mechanism, the Axminster spool system being substantially the same as now in commen use for weaving Axminster rugs.

Another important feature relates to the novel means I employ for knotting the yarn strands about the warp threads,

Not only is my invention as a whole adapted for use in combination with the type of loom shown and with some other types, for the production of knotted fabrics, but portions of my invention are adaptable for use with looms used for ordinary weaving of cloth, carpets and the like.

The objects and features of my invention above noted, together with other novel features and combinations of elements, will be hereinafter described and illustrated in the accompanying specifications and claims, and the drawings forming a part thereof.

In the embodiment of my invention herein described and illustrated, I have adapted it to conform in its general arrangement, with the mechanism of the usual type of fly shuttle loom, but I do not confine myself thereto, nor to the construction or operation of the several mechanisms described, as modifications and substitutions of equivalent elements or members may be made within the scope of the. appended claims.

11 the drawings I ig. 1 is a front elevation ofa loom of the fly shuttle type with which my invention is embodied.

Fig. :2 is-a sectional elevation substantial-- ly on line 22, Fig. l.

ig. 2-21 is a diagram sl'lowing means for interrupting the action of the take up mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a fragment showing the application of the Axininster spool system to function with my weaving mechanism.

Fig. 3A is a fragmentary plan showing a modified form of gripper adapted to use with the Amninster spools.

ig. 4 is an enlarged sectional fragment ."ibstantially on l4, Fig. 1, showing aporpreferred form of my invention.

'-A is an enlargel fragment of a compart for guiding the yarn strands.

DCI

Fig. 5 is a further enlarged fragment of the yarn fingers.

Fig. (5 is an enlarged fragment of the yarn shear member, viewed in the direction indicated by the arrow 6, Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a similar fragment showing the cutter blad in position in which the plurality of yarn strands are severed.

F ig. 8 a fragmentary sectional elevation similar to Fig. 6, showing a modified form of my invention, in which I employ a pactern mechanism different from that shown in the preferred form.

Figs. 9 and 10 show in enlarged form a modification of the yar' lingers.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmentary plan showing part of the connections by means of which my invention is operated.

Fig. 12 is a fragment showing one means for laterally spacing and guiding the yarn lingers.

F 13 is a sectional plan substantially on the line 13-13, Fig. 4.

Fig. ;l shows diagrammatically one means for controlling the yarn strands for succes sive series of knots in a line.

Fig. 15 shows some of the knots which may be made by means of my invention.

Fig. 1G is a sectional elevation substantially on t 1c line 16--16, Fig. 13.

Fig. 1? is a sectional elevation substantially on line 17l7, Fig. 13.

F ig. 18 is an enlarged sectional elevation substantially on the line l818, Fig. 13, in which the yarn strand is shown in position ready to be severed.

Fig. 19 is a fragment of sectional plan on 1949, Fig. 18. I

Fig. 20 is a fragment showing the relation of yarn lingers to weaving blocks at time of engagement.

Fig. 21 1s a similar elevation to Fig. 18 in which the yarn 18 shown in position for knotring.

Fig. 22 1s a similar elevation to Fig. 18, in which the knotting mechanism is shown in position in which the knot has been beaten up into the fell and the ends released, the weaving block carrier being near its extreme rear movement and the yarn grippers about to move forward to engage yarn strands for another series of knots.

Fig. 23 is a fragment showing in perspective the weaving block and operating fingers.

Fig. 2% is a fragment showing detent means for the weaving blocks.

Fig. 25 is av diagrammatic view of the pattern mechanism, which I prefer to employ with my invention, one means for operating being included.

26 is a fragmentary front elevation of the same showing the operative mechanism.

Fig. 27 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional side elevation of the upper portion of my pattern mechanism on line 2T-.27, Fig.

Fig. 28 shows a fragment of the card belt which I employ with this pattern mechanism.

Fig. 29 shows diagrammatically the arrangement of connections between the yarn fingers and the indicating mechanism of my pattern device.

Fig. 30 shows a diagrammatic plan of my device for providing excess length in the weft or binding thread.

Fig. 31 is a plan showing opera tive means for providing this excess length.

Fig. 32 is a. sectional elevation with unnecessary parts omitted, of the means employed for the above purpose, the elements being in position. in which the excess is about to be drawn from the shuttle.

Fig. 33 is an elevation similar to Fig. 52 in which the excess has been provided and the elements about to return to initial position to permit beating up to the fell.

Fig. 3% is a chart showing diagr mmatically the relation of the several movements required in the accomplishment of my objects.

Figs. 35%?) inclusive show dia rammatically the steps in forming several forms of knots.

In this embodiment of my invention the warp threads are led from a warp beam through harnesses and a reed, over a breast beam. to take up mechanism at the front, and the pile yarns are supplied from any suitable source such as creels, not shown, to yarn lingers, controlled relative to operating position by suitable selective mechanism, preferably of the jacquard type, although the (lobby type or the Axminster spool system may be used in connection with my weaving mechanism. Fly shuttle mechanism is operated to supply one or more picks of weft or hinder thread, which is beaten up into the fell with the ordinary lay beam mechanism.

Referring to the drawings- In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown a loom of the fly shuttle type in common use for weaving cloth in the ordinary manner. To this loom I have adapted and attached my invention with only minor changes in the original elements. There is a particular reason for this, which I will explain.

There are many looms, formerly used for cloth weaving and some types of carpet looms, that have been rendered idle for various reasons, as superfluous for the needs of the present and immediate future. My in vention may be attached to many of these looms to insure a maximum production of knotted fabric, even if the looms are obsolete through the introduction of improved methods for increased production. The essential loom mechanism needed for cooperation with my inventioinrelates to details old in the art of weaving, and it will be obvious that the number of operationsin a cycle for the pro-' luction of a knotted fabric, is greatly in excess of those required for plain weaving, and must necessarily require a longer period, {1116 fewer cycles, than would be practicable in ordinary weaving; thus a loom having a normal production speed far below that of the modern loom of the same general type, may be adapted for satisfactory service. It therefore follows that if such obsolete and idle looms can be utilized, to produce an arti cle of commercial value, by combining certain devices therewith, a saving of capital becomes possible, obsolescence of such looms is avoided, and frozen assets released for productive use. It will therefore be understood thatthe description of the present em bodiment of my invention will apply in prin ciple to other constructions in which analo gous elements or members in the loom are essential parts of the combination.

My invention may be in the form of attachments to such construct-ions, or may constitute a part of a specially constructed 100111 in which such essentials are included.

Returning to Figs. 1 and 2. The warp threads 0, P supplied from the warp beam 40 are led through respective heddles in the harness frames 41, passing through the reed l2 rigidly secured to the lay beam 43, and the woven fabric passes over the breast beam 44 to the take-up rolls 45-4l6.

The harnesses are operated to form the sheds in the usual manner by mechanism not shown in detail, but indicated as mounted within the chamber 47, operating through connections 48-419 from the countershaft 50, journaled at either end in the main frame 51 i and on which is rigidly secured the gear 52, meshing with gear 53, rlgid with the main shaft .54, which in turn is driven from the countershaft 55 through the medium of the bevel gears 56, 57, tight and loose pulleys 5859 providing for rotation of the countershaft from a source of power not shown. The shifting of the harnesses to change the shed of the warp threads, is governed by the rolls 60 connected to form an endless chain, the rolls being adjustable and operative on the mechanism within the chamber in a well known manner, to shift the respective harnesses to change the shed, other rolls operating in similar manner to govern the movement of fly shuttle boxes, to register with the lay beam in a manner common to this type of loom. Any other special or suitable shedding mechanisms mav be used. Shuttles not shown. in the shuttle boxes, provide filler or hinder thread which is shotintermittently as will presently be described, by means of the usual picker stick 62 operated from the main shaft in the usual manner, the rolls 63 rotatably mounted on the levers 64 rigid with the main shaft 54, engaging the so called bat wings 65 rigid with the the governing rolls 60, a plurality of shuttles being provided according to the character and pattern of fabric. After each shot the lay beam is operated to beat up the weft to the fell and the lay beam is therefore usually actuated by crank motion from the shaft 50, geared to rot-ate twice for each revolution of the main shaft. Up to this point I utilize the mechanism common to this type of loom or other analogous mechanism which may vary in character according to the type of loom. Instead of beating up the lay at each change of shed, l operate my lay beam but once in each revolution of the main shaft, in the manner and for the purpose to be explained.

Instead of operating the lay beam from the shaft 50 by means of a connecting pitman, as is usually done, I provide a counter shaft journalled at 71 on the frames. To this shaft are rigidly secured bell cranks 72, links 73 being swiveled to the upper arm and to the fork 7% usually engaged by the connecting pitman which is replaced. The other arm of each bell crank is provided with a roll engaging respective cam elements '75 rotatable with the main shaft 54. By the use of a cam instead of eccentric or crank element, I am able to govern the movement of the lay beam to cause to dwell inactive at its backward position, while I perform the knotting operations hereinafter described.

The cams are thus formed to dwell through approximately one half revolution of the main shaft, the operating surfaces being formed to actuate the respective bell cranks and the lay beam to beat up once in each revolution of the main shaft, in harmonic agreement with the movement due to the cranks and pitman, but after each second change of shed, instead of after each change. With this exception the loom operates withoutother essential change than that explained, and myinvention is operated in combination with this ordinary weaving mechanism, the devices being coordinated in action with the loom operation, as will be described.

In my invention I employ a plurality of yarn guides hereinafter referred to as fingers; these fingers being arranged in groups, each finger serving as a guide for a plurality of yarn strands, which may be of varied colors. The particular yarn strand in any one of the fingers in a group is presented to the knotting mechanism by means of suitable selective means,

and a section of such yarn is severed and the knot formed in each group and about two of the warp threads. The knots formed each from a single strand from each group of fingers areseparated by the lateral space occupied by each group, and the spaced knots extendlaterally across the loom forming the basis of a row.

As above noted, this operation is performed during the time the lay beam is at rest, and as each series of knots is completed they are beaten up into the fell.

Successive series of knots are formed in similar manner etween the knots first formed, until a uniformly filled row is completed, at which time one or more shots of filling are supplied by the fly shuttles and beaten up to bind the row, he position of the shuttle boxes being controlled by the usual means as hereinbefore noted, to align a particular shuttle to be shot by thepicker stick.

For convenience in describing, my invention may be divided into dependent sections relating respectively to the yarn supplying, the knottin and the selective devices cooperating to produce the knotted fabric. Referring to the devices relating to the supply and control of the yarn strands and to Figs. 1, 2, and particularly Figs. 4 and 5, as here shown, I have arranged my yarn fingers in groups of three each having four channels a, Z), 0, cl, for separate strands of yarn. As will hereinafter be explained, any one of these channels each preferably supplying a different color of yarn, may be aligned to be engaged by the knotting device as will be described. The number of fingers in a group may be varied according to the knots per lateral inch of fabric, but limited by the sizes of the warp threads and the yarn strands, and the number of channels may also be varied to provide a reasonable range of colors, in excess of the number here indicated. Referring to Fig. 4:.

The yarn fingers are slidably supported in a holder extending laterally across the front of the loom. This holder comprises girder elements 8l-82 secured to the crossheads 83 slidable in the guides 8% which are swiveled for convenience on a shaft 85 used for another purpose which will be later explained. The guides may be swiveled on independent trunnions if preferred, the object of such swivels being to permit the rotation of the entire holder and supported parts for reasons to be presently explained. The fingers are guided on one edge by the girder elements Ell-82 and on the other edge by a plate 86 from which project studs 87, Figs. 1 and 12, which serve to separate the groups and yet permit any finger in the group to be independently reciprocated.

I prefer to form the channels for the yarn strands as shown in Fig. 5 in which the channels a, b, 0, d are each provided with a slot 88 which permits threading with facility. The yarn strands 6 thus threaded in their respective channels pass through the finger preferably in a direction normal to the edge, an end of each projecting toward the front of the loom, to be gripped by the knotting device when brought to selective position relative to the knotting members. In Fig. 5 I have shown a full size fragment of two contiguous groups. In each group one yarn strand is selected as will be explained, to furnish yarn for one knot for each group. In this case the contiguous groups provide respectively for yarns from a in the first finger of one group and 0 from the first finger in the second group as indicated by the dotted line 02-y As explained, each channel in a group may serve for a different color of yarn and one yarn only from any one channel of a group may be selected for use.

The yarn strandsfor the multiple channels are supplied from any suitable source, such as a plurality of creels, passing through guides 89 Fig. 4-A in a compart element 89 extending laterally and secured to the bracket members 90 secured to and forming a part of the loom frames on either side. For convenience, I provide slots 89" through which the yarn strands may be inserted into the respective guides.

By means of this compart element the ya 'ns are spaced and separated to lead to the respective fingers.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown a modification of the fingers in which the yarn chan nels are angularly disposed as at a b c d, shelves 80' projecting normal to the edge of each finger to insure uniform spacing between the yarn ends in each finger. While these shelves are of particular value for use with the modified form, they may be used to dvantage with the preferred form when some grades of yarn are used.

In theproduction of a series of knots transversely of the loom, a particular yarn in each group is selected by means hereinafter described, the multiple groups being removed from registering position after lengths of yarn strands for a previous series have been drawn by the knotting device and cut to length necessary for the formation of each knot. In the drawings, Figs. 1 and a, the multiple fingers 80 are provided near their upper ends with an abutment 91, and extending transversely of the loom beneath these abutments is the lifting element 92 secured rigidly at either end to a lever 93, projecting from which is a stud 94, on which is journaled the roll 95 engaging a cam element 96 rigid with the shaft 97 having hearings in the frame of the loom.

Referring to Fig. 2, the levers 93 extend rearwardly' and are secured to the countershaft 98, ournaled at 99 in the loom frames. It is not essential that both levers engage like 

